Clinical observation on horizontal penetration needling combined with rizatriptan monobenzoate tablets for migraine without aura in acute stage / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the therapeutic effect of horizontal penetration needling combined with rizatriptan monobenzoate tablets, simple horizontal penetration needling and simple rizatriptan monobenzoate tablets for migraine without aura in acute stage.@*METHODS@#A total of 99 patients with migraine without aura in acute stage were randomized into an acupuncture plus medication group, an acupuncture group and a western medication group, 33 cases in each one. In the acupuncture group, horizontal penetration needling was applied once at Hanyan (GB 4) to Xuanli(GB 6), Shenting (GV 24) to Yintang (GV 29), Baihui (GV 20) to Qianding (GV 21), etc. for 2 h. In the western medication group, oral rizatriptan monobenzoate tablets for 10 mg were given once. In the acupuncture plus medication group, treatment of acupuncture combined with rizatriptan monobenzoate tablets were given, the application was the same as the acupuncture group and the western medication group. Before treatment and 0.5, 2, 24 h after treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score was observed, the remission rate and the disappearance rate of migraine of 2, 24 h after treatment were compared in the 3 groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the VAS scores of each time point after treatment were decreased in the 3 groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Horizontal penetration needling combined with rizatriptan monobenzoate tablets have significant therapeutic effect on rapid analgesia and continuous analgesia for migraine without aura in acute stage, its effect is superior to simple horizontal penetration needling and simple rizatriptan monobenzoate tablets.

Efficacy of family rehabilitation treatment performed by parents under the guidance of professionals in children with autism spectrum disorder: a prospective study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the efficacy of family rehabilitation treatment performed by parents under the guidance of professionals in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).@*METHODS@#In the prospective study, 60 children with ASD, aged 24-60 months, were randomly divided into an observation group and a conventional group. The parents of the children in the conventional group received an online training on basic knowledge and rehabilitation training of ASD alone, and those in the observation group received the online training and performed family rehabilitation treatment under the guidance of a professional team. Psycho-Education Profile Third Edition (PEP-3) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) were used to evaluate the changes in related abilities after intervention.@*RESULTS@#After 6 months of intervention, the scores of all dimensions of the PEP-3 scale in the observation group and most dimensions of the conventional group significantly increased (@*CONCLUSIONS@#An online training on basic knowledge and rehabilitation training of ASD for parents can improve the abilities and core clinical symptoms of children with ASD. The family rehabilitation treatment model with a team of professionals as the resource platform and parents as the performer has a more significant efficacy on improving the language, sports, and other abilities and alleviating the severity of the symptoms in children with ASD.

Expression of BRCA1 in sporadic invasive breast cancer and its significance / 医学研究生学报

Objective　BRCA1 is one of the most important susceptibility genes of breast cancer. The article aimed to investigate the expression of BRCA1 and its correlation in sporadic invasive breast cancer.　Methods　The expressions of BRCA1, ER, PR, HER2 and Ki67 in 618 cases of sporadic invasive breast cancer in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were detected with immunohistochemistry in order to investigate and analyze the expression of BRCA1 and its correlation with molecular classification, histological type and other related molecular markers in sporadic invasive breast cancer.　Results　The positive rate of BRCA1 was 44.2% consisting of 30.3% weak positive(+) and 13.9% strong positive(++). The positive rates of ER, PR, and HER2 are 60.8%, 54.7%,and 24.9%. The proliferation index ≤30% of Ki67 was 70.7%, >30% was 29.3%. The expression of BRCA1 in luminal type A was significantly lower than the other four types of sporadic invasive breast cancer(P<0.05). The expression of BRCA1 in breast cancer with medullary histological features was significantly lower than those of the other types of breast cancer(P<0.05). There was significant difference between the expression of BRCA1 and the expressions of ER, HER2 and Ki67 (P<0.01). The expression of BRCA1 had positive correlation with expression of HER2 in sporadic invasive breast cancer (r=0.117,P<0.01).　Conclusion　The expression of BRCA1 in sporadic invasive breast cancer with triple negative subtype and medullary histological features is down-regulated and BRCA1 may affect the development and progression of sporadic invasive breast cancer.

Relationship of ecosystems and resolution of new drug research and development / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: Relationship of ecosystems and resolution of new drug research and development is analyzed through a comparison of the clinical needs, industry development policy, enterprise-self factor, listing application mechanism, number and characteristics of new drug in America and China, especially, the market conditions of the me-only, me-better and me-too between America and China is analyzed importantly. The idea that the new drug is studied and developed in China is presented. METHODS: The important influencing factors that affected the ecosystems of new drug research and development were analyzed by comparison METHODS and data studies. RESULTS: The clinical availability of new drug in America is significant increased recently and over 90% applied new drugs can be finished in a limited time based on the evolution of the innovative ecological environment of new drug research and development from 1993 to 2014, new drugs are approval listing in America and China respectively. CONCLUSION: The availability of new drug is very important to a state security. The ecosystem of new drug research and development is very complicated. The relative field in America is more advanced than in China and it is used for reference to the new drug research and development in China.

Ketoconazole associated hepatotoxicity: a systematic review and meta- analysis / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the incidence of Ketoconazole associated hepatotoxicity and related factor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Literature retrieval was conducted by using multi-databases for meta-analysis on Ketoconazole associated hepatotoxicity. The data were collected with a standardized form. Overall estimation of incidence of hepatotoxicity for specific study type was calculated by using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model owing to the substantial differences among the studies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 204 eligible studies were included in the analysis. The incidence of Ketoconazole associated hepatotoxicity was 3.6%-4.2%. The dosage and duration specific subgroup analyses did not show any significant difference among groups, while the age specific subgroup analysis showed the incidence in children and people aged >60 years was 1.4% (95% CI: 0.5%-4.2%) and 3.2% (95% CI: 1.1%-8.7%) respectively. Additionally, the incidence of the hepatotoxicity was higher in people who had oral administration of ketoconazole beyond the provisions of the usage instructions, and the incidence was 5.7% (95% CI: 4.5%-7.2%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ketoconazole associated hepatotoxicity was common. Off-label use might increase the risk of liver damage. Well-designed large sample studies are needed to identify the risk factors in future.</p>

Estimation on the risk of 5-years obesity development among adults aged 30-59, based on the Taiwan MJ Health-checkup Database / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective This study aimed to provide an epidemiological modeling in evaluating the risk of developing obesity within 5 years in Taiwan population aged 30-59 years.Methods After excluding 918 individuals who were obesitive at baseline,a cohort of 14 167 non-obesity subjects aged 30-59 years in the initial year during 1998-2006,was formed to derive a Risk Score which could predict the incident obesity (IO).Multivariate logistic regression was used to derive the risk functions,using the check-up center (Taipei training cohort,n=8104) of the overall cohort.Rules based on these risk functions were evaluated in the left three centers (testing cohort,n=6063).Risk functions were produced to detect the IO on a training sample using the multivariate logistic regression models.Starting with variables that could predict the IO through univariate models,we constructed multivariable logistic regression models in a stepwise manner which eventually could include all the variables.We evaluated the predictability of the model by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and to testify its diagnostic property on the testing sample.Once the final model was defined,the next step was to establish rules to characterize 4different degrees of risk based on the cut points of these probabilities after transforming into normal distribution by log-transformation.Results At baseline,the range of the proportion of normal weight,overweight and obesity were 50.00％ 60.00％,26.47％-31.11％ and 5.76％-7.24％ respectively in tour check-up centers of Taiwan.After excluding 918 obesity individuals at baseline,we ascertained 386 (2.73％,386/14 167) cases having IO and 2.66％-2.91％ of them having centered obesity in the four check-up centers respectivcly.Final multivariable logistic regression model would include five risk lactors:sex,age,history of diabetes,weight deduction ≥4 kg within 3 months and waist circumference.The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.898 (95％CI,0.884-0.912) that could predict the development of obesity within 5 years.The curve also had adequate performance in testing the sample [AUC=0.881 (95％CI,0.862 0.900) ].After labeling the four risk degrees,16.0％ and 2.9％ of the total subjects were in the mediate and high risk populations respectively and were 7.8 and 16.6 times higher,when comparing with the population at risk in general.Conclusion The predictability and reliability of our obesity risk score model,derived based on Taiwan MJ Longitudinal Health-checkup-based Population Database,were relatively satisfactory,with its simple and practicable predictive variables and the risk degree form.This model could help individuals to self assess the situation of risk on obesity and could also guide the community caretakers to monitor the trend of obesity development.

Expression and clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor and protein kinase B in gastric carcinoma / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the association between survival and expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and protein kinase B(AKT) in gastric carcinoma specimens.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>EGFR and AKT were detected by immunohistochemistry in 84 patients with gastric cancer and 15 controls. Association between their expressions and clinical characteristics as well as prognosis were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In patients with gastric cancer,expression rates were significantly higher than those in 15 normal gastric tissues for EGFR(55.9% vs. 20%, P<0.05) and AKT(64.3% vs. 6.7%, P<0.01). Expression of EGFR was associated with late staging(P<0.01), while expression of AKT was associated with lymph node metastasis(P<0.01). Overall 5-year survival rate was significantly higher in patients with EGFR negative expression (49.0% vs. 22.0%, P<0.05). Overall 5-year survival rate was significantly higher in patients with AKT expression(45.7% vs. 30.2%, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Expression of EGFR and AKT negative may be used to evaluate the degree of differentiation and prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoma.</p>

Detection of rearrangements of mixed lineage leukemia gene and its clinical significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

To study the incidence, the types of fusion genes and the clinical significance of rearrangements of mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene in acute leukemia (AL), the rearrangements of MLL gene of 60 patients with AL were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 6 types of common fusion genes resulting from the rearrangements of MLL gene were detected by nested RT-PCR. The results showed that 7 out of 60 AL patients were found the rearrangements of MLL gene, the incidence of which was 11.67%. 2 out of 7 patients were diagnosed as AML-M(5), 5 patients were diagnosed as B-ALL. The fusion genes of the 2 AML-M(5) patients who had the rearrangements of MLL gene were MLL/AF(9). Among 5 B-ALL patients, 2 patients were confirmed to express MLL/ENL, 1 patient was confirmed to express MLL/AF(4), the other 2 patients did not express the fusion genes. It is concluded that FISH is a fast, specific and sensitive method to detect the rearrangements of MLL gene in AL patients and nested RT-PCR is a convenient and feasible method to detect the types of fusion genes resulting from the rearrangements of MLL gene. The detection of MLL gene rearrangement is of great importance in predicting prognosis and guiding therapy in AL.

Preparation and characterization of PLGA microspheres containing a staphylokinase variant (K35R) / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To produce poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres, containing a staphylokinase variant (K35R, DGR) with reduced immunogenecity and antiplatelet aggregation activities, which allowed the preservation of protein stability during both particle processing and drug release.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DGR-loaded microspheres were fabricated using a double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. The effects of preparative parameters, such as stirring rate, polymer concentration, and the excipients of both internal and external aqueous phase (W2), on DGR encapsulation efficiency and microsphere characteristics were investigated. In vitro and in vivo release of DGR were conducted and the cause for instability of DGR during release was also investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Moderate ultrasonic treatment of aqueous DGR/dichloromethane mixtures caused approximately. Eighty four per cent DGR denaturation. However, the activity recovery of DGR almost amounted to 100% when 2% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was addled into the aqueous phase. It was found that NaCl in the external water phase significantly increased DGR encapsulation efficiency. Furthermore, NaCl in the external water phase played a role in determining size and surface morphology of microsphere. In vitro release test showed a burst release of DGR from microspheres, followed by sustained release of 50% total activity over 15 days. In vivo experiments showed that DGR released from microspheres sustained 5 days. Denaturation of DGR within microspheres might be resulted from acidic microclimate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The stability of DGR was effectively protected during microencapsulation and a relatively high encapsulation efficiency of DGR was obtained. PLGA microspheres could be an effective carrier for DGR.</p>

Observation of HSP60 and Ras Protein in Gastric Mucosa of Atrophic Gastritis Induced by High-salt Hot Water in Rats Using Immune Fluorescence and Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope / 医学研究杂志

Objective To study the relationship between long-term high-salt water and the morbidity mechanism of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), The expression of HSP60 and ras protein were detected in the gastric mucosa of CAG rates induced by high-salt water.Methods The atrophic gastritis rat model was made by high-salt-hot water perfusion and the ultrastructure of gastric mucosa was observed by Laser Scanning ConfocaI Microscopy. Results There was no expression in gastric mucosa in normal group. The expression of HSP60 and ras was observed in the cell plasm of rats at 12 weeks. The higher expression was observed in the rats at 24, 32 and 65 weeks. Using laser scanning confocaI microscopy and immunofluorescence technique had observed coexistence of HSP60 and ras.Conclusion Long time high-salt-hot water can induce CAG and increasing the expression of HSP60 and ras. HSP60 and ras play an important role in the formation of atrophic gastritis.

The clinical study of effect on prevention postpartum hemorrhage of caesarean section by used calcium gluconate combined with oxytocin,misoprostol / 中国基层医药

Objective To discuss effect on prevention of postpartum hemorrhage of caesarean section by us- ing calcium gluconate combined with oxytocin and misoprostol.Methods 385 cases of caesarean section were select- ed and randomized into O(Oxytocin) group and OM(Oxytocin+ Misoprostol) group and COM (Calcium gluconate+ Oxytocin+Misoprostol)group.Results The mean operative blood loss in O group and OM group and COM group were (300?50.24)ml,(220?30.83) ml,(150?45.52) ml.The amount of the mean operative blood loss of COM group was significantly lower than those of O group and OM group(P＜0.05).The amount of bleeding of 2 hours after delivery in O group and OM group and COM group were (400?45.52)ml,(260?60.43)mi and(210?50.54) ml.The amount of bleeding of COM group was significantly lower than those of O group and OM group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The prevention by used calcium gluconate combined with oxytocin and misoprostol is efficient in reducing the amount of postpartum hemorrhage of caesarean section.The operation of medicine is easy and safe and economic.

Effect of 99Tc-methylene Diphosphate Combined with Rehabilitation on Ankylosing Spondylitis / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo observe the effect of 99Tc-methylene diphosphate (99Tc-MDP, Yunke) combined with rehabilitation on ankylosing spondylitis (AS).Methods118 AS patients were randomly divided into the treatment group (n=58) and control group (n=60). The treatment group was treated with meloxicam, sulfasalazine and vein injecting Yunke combined rehabilitation. The control group was treated only with meloxicam and sulfasalazine. The changes of both clinical and experimental indexes of two groups before and after treatment were analyzed.ResultsAfter two therapeutic courses, a much better result was obtained in the treatment group compared with the control group at the respects of releasing arthralgia, shortening morning stiffness, improving range of spinal motion, and decreasing the levels of ESR, CRP, PLT and IgM, ect (P<0.05～0.01) without obvious side effects.ConclusionThe effect of Yunke combined with rehabilitation on AS is evident.

Scanning electromicroscope observation of gastric mucosa with atrophic gastritis caused by salt water in rats / 中国医师杂志

Objective To observe the tissular pathological and ultrastructural changes of gastric mucosa with experimental atrophic gastritis caused by salt-water in rats and to explore the relationship between atrophic gastritis and high-salt diet.Methods The atrophic gastritis rat model was made by salt-water perfusion(0.15g/ml,2.5ml/d).The tissue of sinus ventriculi was detected with histopathologic examination and the ultrastructure of gastric mucosa was observed by scanning electron microscope.Results Under light microscope,the gastric gland was shrunk obviously in high-salt water perfusion group after high-salt water was given for 24 weeks.The muscle in muscular layer was hyperplasia and cramped into the lamina propria.The glandular epithelium in the upper 1/3～2/3 edge of the gland was atrophic.The gastric micro-depression became broaden and the width of cervical part of gastric pit became narrow.Under the scanning electromicroscope,the gastric mucosa was comparted into many gastric areas in the control group.Round or elliptic epithelium cells lined on the wall of gastric pits were in the same size and had short and spare microvillus.The epithelium was lined regularly and covered by laminar mucus.In salt-water perfusion group after the salt-water was given for 24 weeks,the surface of the gastric mucosa became thin and flat,and the glandular cells became rough.The mucosa between lumens of gland was broadened and the limited exfoliation of mucosa also could be seen.When the salt-water was given for 32 weeks,the gastric epithelial cells were shrunk,and the diameter of lumen of gland was broadened.There was breakage in the cell surface.Erosions with various size and shape and fibrous exudation could be seen.Conclusion Salt-water perfusion may cause the damage of the epithelia of gastric mucosa in experimental rats and long-term high-salt stimulation can induce the injury and atrophy of gastric mucosa.